The European Union (EU) comprises 28 member states, which are party to the founding treaties of the union and thereby subject to the privileges and obligations of membership. Unlike the members of international organisations, the constituent states of the EU are placed under binding laws in exchange for representation within the common legislative and judicial institutions.

They do however retain considerable autonomy, and must be unanimous for the union to adopt policies concerning defence and foreign affairs. Subsidiarity is a founding principle of the union.

Sl No. Country Joined EU Currency Languages
Countries using Euro Currency
1 Austria 1995 euro German
2 Belgium 1957 Founder euro Dutch, French, German
3 Cyprus 2004 euro Greek, Turkish
4 Estonia 2004 euro Estonian
5 Finland 1995 euro Finnish, Swedish
6 France 1957 Founder euro French
7 Germany 1957 Founder euro German
8 Greece 1981 euro Greek
9 Ireland 1973 euro Irish, English
10 Italy 1957 Founder euro Italian
11 Luxembourg 1957 Founder euro French, German, Luxembourgish
12 Malta 2004 euro Maltese, English
13 Netherlands 1957 Founder euro Dutch, Frisian
14 Portugal 1986 euro Portuguese
15 Slovakia 2004 euro Slovak
16 Slovenia 2004 euro Slovenian
17 Spain 1986 euro Spanish
Countries not using Euro Currency
18 Hungary 2004 forint Hungarian
19 Czech Republic 2004 koruna Czech
20 Sweden 1995 krona Swedish
21 Denmark 1973 krone Danish
22 Latvia 2004 lats Latvian
23 Romania 2007 leu Romanian
24 Bulgaria 2007 lev Bulgarian
25 Lithuania 2004 litas Lithuanian
26 United Kingdom 1973 pound English
27 Poland 2004 z‚oty Polish